The Beer Family
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| Pils is lager |
To understand Pils, Ale and Lager, you first have to look at the family tree. In the world of beer, there are two main "kingdoms": Ales and Lagers.
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| Source: USA Beer Ratings |
The Fundamental Difference: Yeast
The distinction between an Ale and a Lager comes down to the microscopic behavior of the yeast during fermentation.
Ales (Top-Fermenting): Use Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This yeast thrives at warmer temperatures (60–75°F) and gathers at the top of the tank. The warmth causes the yeast to produce esters, which give ales their fruity, spicy, or robust aromas.
Lagers (Bottom-Fermenting): Use Saccharomyces pastorianus. This yeast likes it cold (35–55°F) and sinks to the bottom. Because it works slowly in the cold, it produces fewer byproducts, leading to a "cleaner" taste where the malt and hops shine without fruity interference.
Comparison at a Glance
| Feature | Ale | Lager | Pilsner (A specific Lager) |
| Fermentation | Warm & Fast (1–2 weeks) | Cold & Slow (3–8 weeks) | Cold & Slow |
| Yeast Position | Top | Bottom | Bottom |
| Flavor Profile | Robust, fruity, complex | Clean, crisp, mellow | Snappy, hoppy, dry |
| Common Styles | IPA, Stout, Pale Ale, Wheat e.g. Blue Moon, Guinness, Sierra Nevada Pale Ale | Helles, Bock, Dunkel e.g. Corona, Budweiser, Heineken are pale lager. | German Pils, Czech Pils e.g. Stella Artois |
Why is a Pilsner special?
While "Lager" is a broad category that includes dark, heavy beers like Bocks, a Pilsner is a very specific style of pale lager.
It was born in 1842 in Plzeň, Czech Republic. It is defined by its brilliant clarity, golden color, and a more aggressive use of hops (traditionally Saaz hops). If a standard lager is "smooth," a pilsner is "snappy"—it has a floral aroma and a refreshing, bitter finish that cuts right through.
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| #1 best selling beer in Hong Kong |
「台灣啤酒」(台啤)系列,根據它的釀造工藝和風味,基本上都屬於 Lager 這個大家族。
不過,隨著你選的經典款、金牌或生啤酒,它在子分類上會有一些很有趣的細別:
1. 經典台灣啤酒(黑標 / Brown Bottle)
分類:American Adjunct Lager
特點: 這是最傳統的台啤。它在釀造時,除了使用大麥芽外,還加入了台灣在地的蓬萊米(比例大約佔了 30%)。
為什麼這樣歸類: 這種加入大米或玉米等「輔料(Adjuncts)」來降低大麥濃稠感的做法,跟 Corona 或 Budweiser 的概念非常接近。這會讓啤酒的口感變得格外乾爽、清脆,非常適合台灣炎熱的小吃攤或熱炒店。
2. 金牌台灣啤酒
分類:Premium Lager
特點: 為了跟經典款做出區隔,金牌降低了蓬萊米的比例,並提升了進口芳香啤酒花(Hops)與大麥芽的份量。
風味差異: 它依然是清爽的拉格,但比起經典款,金牌喝起來的麥芽甜味更明顯,啤酒花的苦味也更低、更滑順,所以被歸在 Premium Lager。
3. 18天台灣生啤酒
分類:未經殺菌的淡拉格(Unpasteurized Pale Lager)
特點: 同樣是拉格酵母底層低溫發酵,但它最大的不同在於完全沒有經過高溫殺菌(Pasteurization)。
風味差異: 因為保留了活酵母,它的新鮮度跟清爽感直接拉滿,麥香也最純粹。但也因為沒殺菌,它必須全程冷藏,而且賞味期只有短短 18 天。
4. Sapporo Beer(三寶樂啤酒)
日本歷史最悠久的啤酒品牌 Sapporo Premium Beer,跟台啤一樣屬於 Lager家族。
詳細分類:國際淡拉格(International Pale Lager)/ 日式稻米拉格(Japanese Rice Lager)
風味特點: 它在釀造過程中跟台啤、Corona 類似,除了大麥外,也加入了大米(Rice)作為輔料。
與台啤的差異: 日式拉格非常追求「辛口(Asahi最明顯)」或「極致乾爽與純淨(Clean & Crisp)」。Sapporo 喝起來泡沫非常綿密,麥香比經典台啤稍厚一點點,但收尾極度乾淨,完全沒有雜味,這也是為什麼它跟壽司、燒肉或居酒屋料理是絕配。
總結
如果拿前面提到的商業啤酒來類比:
經典台啤的釀造邏輯比較接近 Corona(都用了大米/玉米等輔料來追求極致乾爽)。
金牌台啤則比較接近 Heineken 或 Stella Artois 這類追求麥芽與啤酒花平衡的優質淡拉格。



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